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The original settlement, was founded by the Umbrians on the left bank of the Tiber near the territory subject to review by the Etruscans, from the third century due to the expansion of the Roman city was federated in Rome, was subsequently included in Regio VI: Umbria . From the first century BC City Hall became Roman, whose most famous patron was Pliny the Younger said Pliny the Younger, who, as stated in his letter, he built a temple, completed in 103 or 104 d. C., which are not know the location.
Certainly the gens Plinia possessed vast latifondi close to the city and a villa has repeatedly reminded by the same Pliny the Younger in his letters; excavations carried out in places Santa Fiora, in the municipality of San Giustino, conducted by the University of Perugia in collaboration with the University of Alicante, made it possible to identify the location of the villa of Pliny the Younger. The town was called Tifernum Tiberinum by the Romans in order to distinguish it from the settlement on the Metauro, Tifernum Metaurense, and it seems that took a pretty important because it is also mentioned by Pliny the Elder.
Unfortunately you can not reconstruct with certainty the urban structure of the Roman city, but certainly the oldest part of the city corresponds to the south, where, in the district called Mattonata, were found some mosaics, remains of hydraulic structures and a portion of wall what is likely to be an amphitheatre.
Unclear is the timing of the spread of Christianity given by tradition in San Crescenziano lived between the third and fourth centuries, who was martyred as a result of a conviction handed down precisely Tifernum.
According to tradition the city was destroyed in the sixth century by the goto Totila and later rebuilt by the Bishop Florido, then sanctified and patron of the city. The city was then conquered by the Lombards and called Castrum Felicitatis move then under the dominion of the Franks first and the rule of the Church onwards.
Around 1100 will organize joint and was shaken by claims of the, the rule of the Church, Florence and Perugia. In the first half of 1200 was called Civitas Castles and, despite the rivalry between the Guelphs and Ghibellines that often put at risk freedom, could also enjoy prosperity.
In the second half of the fourteenth century became greater the influence exerted by Perugia in 1367 until it was brought under the rule of the Church by Cardinal Albornoz. In the years following 1368 Brancaleone Guelfucci lifted the cittadinaza and insorse, but the people tifernate riacquistò freedom only in 1375 thanks to the Florentine.
In 1422 Pope Martin V gave the city the leader Arm Fortebraccio from Montone whose family held the domain until 1440, when they began the struggle for the conquest of power between different families among which the Vitelli, Fucci and Tartarini.
Initially, we witnessed to un'Oligarchia formed by Vitelli, Giustini Fucci and then move on to the domain of only Vitelli, who killed the Fucci and did escape the Giustini.
Then followed periods of strong rivalry that saw the involvement of Pope Sixtus IV and a long siege to the city headed by Nicholas Vitelli. However as a result of various events the domain was finally taken from calves that put Head of City and Paul Vitelli Vitellozzo Vitelli.
The latter was known as killed by Cesare Borgia, said Valentino, who proclaimed duke of the city and held the domain for the entire pontificate of Pope Alexander VI Subsequently until the end of the eighteenth century the city was subject to the State of the Church that concedette But the regency to a governor please employed by the Romans.
On 12 January 1798 made their entrance into the city the soldiers of the Republic Cisalpine that proclaimed the republic, but only on May 5 following the French troops were not able to quell a revolt lot from the countryside and strong trend atirepubblicana. The order was reported on June 18, 1799 when the city was occupied by the Austrians for the will of the Pope.
The city riottenne freedom again in the evening, 11 February 1849 and September 11, 1860 entered in the Italian State.
The city history at this point followed the more general history of Italy.
To note the date of release occurred on July 22, 1944.
City of Castle gave birth to important personages of art and entertainment. You remember among others Alberto Burri (of which you can admire numerous works in the city), Pope Celestine II, the dynasty Calves and film actress Monica Bellucci.
 
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Umbria
Perugia