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Gubbio in Umbria is an ancient city, located at the base of Mount Ingino and crossed the river Camignano. The first forms of settlement in the territory eugubino seem to be already in place prehistory (remains of a prehistoric village on the mountain Calvo).
With certainty we know that Gubbio was founded by the Umbrians and Ikuvium or Iguvium was considered a centre of sacred importance and at the same time being a horse trading between the crossroads to and from the Tyrrhenian and Adriatic. Surely came into contact with the nearby Etruscan civilization; testimonies of that period are the important Tables eugubine, discoveries in 1444 and bought by the municipality in 1456. These form an important key to civilization, language Umbrian Interior and of this city-state, which was Gubbio, between 111 and the first century BC The seven bronze tables that form, partly written in alphabet Umbrian (derivation of the Etruscan) and partly written in Latin (with influences of Umbria) constitute a historical document of exceptional value.
Alleatasi with Rome in 295 BC, Gubbio got nell'89 aCla Roman citizenship: it was built to Municipium and ascribed the Tribe Clustumina. Flourishing city under Roman domination, began its decline in parallel to the decay of the Empire, was invaded by Heruli in 552 destroyed by the Goths of Totila, but immediately rebuilt with two powerful defensive towers by the Byzantines of Narsete, general Justinian, no longer in plain, but on the slopes of Mount Ingino. With the exfoliation of the Byzantine Empire in 772, Gubbio was occupied by King Lombard Liutprando, Astolfo and Desire.
Ceduta the Church, with donations of Pepin the Short and Charlemagne the city, although subject to the bishops, became a free commune of faction Ghibelline and, in the XI century, began a policy of expansion that briefly led her to have more than hundred castles under his domain but at the same time, to come in strong conflict with the powerful city of Perugia, alarmed by its expansionism. In 1151 eleven cities confederated, headed by Perugia, attacked the Eugubini with the intent to sweep away from the face of the earth their city. Not only these ressero impact, but contrattaccando, won an overwhelming victory that took miracle; event that the people attributed to Ubaldo Baldassini (1080-1160), its holy bishop who had already made protagonist of other "miraculous" . But military power and commercial Gubbio was increasingly ostentando contrasted strongly with that of Perugia and, given the proximity, the clash between two powerful cities entered in everyday life, until in 1257 the Perugini not resumed the revenge by removing part of the territories to Eugubini (territories later returned with the peace treaty of 1273). All the thirteenth century saw Gubbio, Ghibelline, prosper in peace and grow both urban and economic. In 1263, the Guelphs took power that detennero until 1350 when, fall under the lordship of Giovanni Gabrielli, in 1354 was besieged and conquered by Cardinal Albornoz, Legate, that the granting assoggettò the Church, however, the ancient city privileges and their statutes. The peace was short-lived because the government papal not kept the promises made by Cardinal Albornoz: Eugubini in 1376 insorsero and instaurarono a self-government. A few years later, in 1381, Bishop Gabriel Gabrielli, supported by the Pope, autoproclamò Lord of Agobio (name medieval Gubbio) causing the rebellion of Eugubini that reduced hunger, in 1384 it rose in arms against the bishop. Impossibilitati battle to resist the bishop, who did not want to lose the domain of the city, Eugubini yes "delivered" spontaneously to Montefeltro, dukes of Urbino, losing the title of a free Commune, but gaining a long period of tranquillity. The Montefeltro, lords art lovers, restituirono to Gubbio privileges, civil ordinances and the city returned to flourish cuilturalmente and artistically (at that time was rebuilt the Palazzo Ducale in Gubbio). In 1508 subentrarono, in the domain of the city, the Della Rovere, who held until 1624 when, with the death of Francesco Maria Della Rovere II, the last heir of the family, all goods passed, as testamentary will, in the Papal States.
In 1860 Gubbio was annexed to the Kingdom of Italy and in the same year was aggregated to the Province of Perugia. In the second World War the city paid harshly its participation in the fight against nazifascisti: June 22, 1944, followed by an operation carried out by a group of anti-Fascists, Germans attuarono a fierce reprisal, trucidando, machine gun shots, 40 innocent citizens, near the church of Our Lady of Prato (where today a mausoleum recalls the 40 martyrs). In addition, for about thirty days, until July 25, 1944, the day of liberation, the city was heavily bombed by German artillery, from the mountains surrounding the valley fighting to counter the advance troops of liberation.
 
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Umbria
Perugia